Friday, July 26, 2024

Bills Introduced – 7-26-24

Yesterday, with both the House and Senate in Washington (and the House preparing to leave for their summer recess a week early) there were 109 bills introduced. Five of those bills will receive additional attention in this blog:

S 4795 An original bill making appropriations for the Departments of Commerce and Justice, Science, and Related Agencies for the fiscal year ending September 30, 2025, and for other purposes. Shaheen, Jeanne [Sen.-D-NH]

S 4796 An original bill making appropriations for the Departments of Transportation, and Housing and Urban Development, and related agencies for the fiscal year ending September 30, 2025, and for other purposes. Schatz, Brian [Sen.-D-HI]

S 4797 An original bill making appropriations for the Department of State, foreign operations, and related programs for the fiscal year ending September 30, 2025, and for other purposes. Coons, Christopher A. [Sen.-D-DE]

S 4802 An original bill making appropriations for the Department of the Interior, environment, and related agencies for the fiscal year ending September 30, 2025, and for other purposes. Merkley, Jeff [Sen.-D-OR] 

S 4813 A bill to establish a grant program within the Department of Labor to support the creation, implementation, and expansion of registered apprenticeship programs in cybersecurity. Rosen, Jacky [Sen.-D-NV] 

Transportation Chemical Incidents – Week of 6-22-24

Reporting Background

See this post for explanation, with the most recent update here (removed from paywall).

Data from PHMSA’s online database of transportation related chemical incidents that have been reported to the agency.

Incidents Summary

• Number of incidents – 719 (594 highway, 114 air, 11 rail, 0 water)

• Serious incidents – 1 (1 Bulk release, 1 evacuation, 0 injury, 0 death,0 major artery closed, 0 fire/explosion, 23 no release)

• Largest container involved – 30,360-gal 117R100W railcar {Alcohols, N.O.S.} Leaking bottom outlet valve and bad gasket on bottom outlet valve cap.

• Largest amount spilled – 275-gal Metal IBC {Diethylenetriamine} Fork lift puncture on unloading dock. The bottom valve was opened during the loading process.

NOTE: Links above are to Form 5800.1 for the described incidents.

Most Interesting Chemical: Sulfamic acid - A white crystalline solid. Density 2.1 g / cm3. Melting point 205°C. Corrosive and combustible. Irritates skin, eyes, and mucous membranes. Low toxicity. Used to make dyes and other chemicals.

 



CSB Publishes Remote Isolation Safety Study

Yesterday, the Chemical Safety Board announced the publication of a new safety study on Remote Isolation of Process Equipment”. The RIPE study looks at the historical record of industrial chemical accidents, including a number of CSB accident investigation reports, to determine how useful remote isolation valves would have been in preventing or reducing damages, deaths and injuries. The Study resulted in the publication of three recommendations that were released on Wednesday:

• American Petroleum Institute (API) - 2024-01-H-1,

• Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) - 2024-01-H-2, and

• Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) - 2024-01-H-3

NOTE: No direct links are currently available to those recommendations, but they can be found listed on the CSB’s Recent Recommendation Status Updates page.

The three recommendations are:

API - “Develop a new publication or revise an existing publication or publications that should be applicable to various facility types such as refineries, chemical and petrochemical facilities, terminals, etc. with major process equipment and atmospheric storage tanks, that details conditions that necessitate the installation of remote isolation devices [use “shall” instead of “should” language] that may be automatically activated or remotely activated from a safe location, particularly during an emergency. When establishing these conditions refer to the guidance published by CCPS entitled Guidelines for Fire Protection in Chemical, Petrochemical, and Hydrocarbon Processing Facilities, Sections 8.1.10 and 8.1.11. At a minimum, the conditions should address major process equipment and atmospheric storage tanks, material volumes/weight as well as flammability, corrosivity, and toxicity”

 

EPA - “Update the Risk Management Program (RMP) rule by expanding the requirements of 40 CFR Part 68 to include an evaluation of the need for remote isolation devices for major process equipment that can be remotely activated from a safe location or automatically activated during a release. The evaluation should be included in hazard assessments, hazard reviews, and process hazard analyses.”

 

OSHA - “Update the Process Safety Management (PSM) standard by expanding the Process Hazard Analysis (PHA) requirements under 29 CFR 1910.119(e)(3) to include an evaluation of the need for remote isolation devices for major process equipment that can be remotely activated from a safe location or automatically activated during a release.”


Thursday, July 25, 2024

Short Takes – 7-25-24

How SpaceX Will Turn a Workhorse Vehicle into a Hulking Destroyer of Space Stations. SCientificAmerican.com article. Pull quote: “In addition to nearly tripling the number of engines of a typical Dragon, SpaceX’s plan calls for the deorbit vehicle to launch with some 16,000 kilograms (about 35,000 pounds) of propellant. That’s six times more than a standard Dragon, said Sarah Walker, director of Dragon mission management at SpaceX, during the press conference.”

How the Nutrition Facts Label Has Changed Food in the U.S. TheConversation.com article. Pull quote: “Surprisingly, the Nutrition Facts label’s greatest impact may have been driving the food industry to reformulate products to achieve appealing nutrient profiles – even if consumers weren’t closely reading the labels. While envisioned as an education tool, I believe the Nutrition Facts label in practice has worked more like a market infrastructure, reshaping the food supply to meet shifting dietary trends and public health goals long before consumers find those foods at the supermarket.”

From Iron Dome to Cyber Dome: Defending Israel’s Cyberspace. IDSA.in article. Pull quote: “The cyber-dome initiative fundamentally constitutes an active defence encompassing enhanced detection, investigation and mitigation of threats along with the expansion of existing information-sharing mechanisms. The coordinated detection and response efforts involving all agencies, including the IDF, underscore the importance of collaborative action in an interconnected domain. The centralised, real-time and AI-enabled system proactively protecting Israeli cyberspace is an extension of its national and international cybersecurity strategy.”

A New Way to Make Element 116 Opens the Door to Heavier Atoms. NewsWise.com article. Pull quote: “If discovered, element 120 would be the heaviest atom created and would sit on the eighth row of the periodic table. It falls on the shores of the “island of stability,” a theorized group of superheavy elements with unique properties. While the superheavy elements discovered so far break apart almost instantaneously, the right combination of protons and neutrons could create a more stable nucleus that survives for longer – giving researchers a better chance to study it. Exploring elements at the extremes can provide insights into how atoms behave, test models of nuclear physics, and map out the limits of atomic nuclei.”

Mini lungs make major COVID-19 discoveries possible. NewsWise.com article. Pull quote: “In another surprising result, Leibel, Snyder and team discovered that the mini lungs have their own intrinsic “first response” system in reaction to sensing SARS-CoV-2. Even though the mini lungs lack any connection to an immune system, this study shows that lung cells can initiate many of the same biologic and cell signaling changes in response to a viral threat that are observed when the immune system is present.”

Using AI, CIPHER bird flu study shows greater antibody evasion in newer H5N1 strains. NewsWise.com article. Pull quote: “According to the study, virus mutations related to “host-shifts” from birds to mammals had a statistically significant negative impact on the ability of antibodies to bind to and fight off H5N1. Researchers also found that based on the wide variety of host species and geographic locations in which H5N1 was observed to have been transmitted from birds to mammals, there does not appear to be a single central reservoir host species or location associated with H5N1’s spread. This indicates that the virus is well on its way to moving from epidemic to pandemic status in the near future.”

Short Takes – 7-25-24 – Space Geek Edition

Elon Musk revived L.A. aerospace with SpaceX. Will it thrive without him? LATimes.com article. An interesting look the history of aerospace industry in LA Basin. Pull quote: “SpaceX hasn’t commented on how many jobs will be affected by the relocation, and industry observers say it’s likely the company will maintain significant manufacturing operations in Los Angeles County, where it employed about 6,000 people in 2023, according to an annual survey by the Los Angeles Business Journal.”

Polaris Dawn crew completes final milestones ahead of historic spacewalk mission. FoxWeather.com article. Pull quote: “The Polaris Dawn team recently shared an update after completing testing at NASA's Johnson Space Center in Houston. The team used a JSC test chamber, which previously supported testing America's first spacesuits and spacecraft during the Gemini and Apollo programs. The facilities are part of the National Register of Historic Places and remain in use today.”

NASA delays ISS spacewalks indefinitely to investigate spacesuit coolant leak. Space.com article.  Pull quote: “NASA's and private industry's newer generations of spacesuits are emphasizing better flexibility with updated materials, alongside improved sizing to accommodate all genders. The EMU is biased towards larger and male sizes, due to being designed in an era when most astronauts were male recruits from the then nearly single-gender armed forces. In June, Collins Aerospace backed out of its contract to design newer ISS suits, saying its schedule for development "would not support the space station's schedule and NASA's mission objectives."”

China plans to deflect near-Earth asteroid in 2030. NewAtlas.com article. Pull quote: “These observations will take place over three to six months after the spacecraft goes into orbit around the asteroid in 2030. After the observation is completed, a kinetic impactor will be fired at the asteroid and the spacecraft will remain on station for six to 12 months to measure the effects of the impact. This includes assessing changes in the asteroid's orbit, studying the impact crater, and analyzing the ejected materials.” Journal article link.

 

Russia unveils timeline for building its new space station, starting in 2027. Space.com article. Pull quote: “The first module of the X-shaped outpost, a research and power node, is expected to be launched into a near-polar orbit in 2027, TASS reported. By 2030, it plans to have docked its four major modules, with two "special-purpose" modules scheduled for attachment by 2033. Roscosmos plans to send the first cosmonauts to the station in 2028 and has suggested the station can be operated without crew.”

 

Rolls Royce’s 120-inch-long mini space nuclear reactor gets funding boost. InterestingEngineering.com article. Pull quote: “The tiny reactor, which is claimed to be 3.3 feet (40 inches) in width and 10 feet (120 inches) in length, is not yet able to generate any electricity. If all goes as planned, it will take roughly six years and several million dollars to prepare the reactor for its first space flight.”

Review – 2 Advisories Published – 7-25-24

Today, CISA’s NCCIC-ICS published two control system security advisories for products from Positron and Siemens.

Advisories

Positron Advisory - This advisory describes an authentication bypass using an alternate path or channel vulnerability (with known exploit) in the Positron Broadcast Signal Processor TRA7005.

Siemens Advisory - This advisory describes two vulnerabilities in the Siemens SICAM products.

 

For more information on these advisories, including links to researcher reports and exploits, see my article at CFSN Detailed Analysis - https://patrickcoyle.substack.com/p/2-advisories-published-7-25-24 - subscription required. 

Review - CSB Updates Accidental Release Reporting Data – 7-23-24

Yesterday in preparation for their quarterly business meeting today, the CSB updated their published list of reported chemical release incidents. They added 32 new incidents that occurred since the previous version was published [removed from paywall] in April. They also inserted three ‘new’ incidents, and removed one, that occurred before April. These are not incidents that the CSB is investigating, these are incidents that were reported to the CSB under their Accidental Release Reporting rules (40 CFR 1604).

The table below shows the top five states based upon the number of reported incidents since the April update was published.


 

For more information on the incidents added to the database, see my article at CFSN Detailed Analysis - https://patrickcoyle.substack.com/p/csb-updates-accidental-release-reporting-7bf - subscription required.

 
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